MARCH 2023
Security and IT teams often find themselves trying to balance two competing goals: keeping end users happy and productive, and securing their organizations against the increasing threat of cyberattack. In many cases, they are trying to accomplish these goals with a patchwork of endpoint management and security tools from multiple vendors. The Microsoft Intune Suite can save organizations money, improve productivity, and lower security risk by providing an integrated solution to replace those disparate tools.
The Microsoft Intune Suite is an integrated suite of tools that extend the capabilities of the Microsoft Intune endpoint management solution. Initial modules include Remote Help, advanced application management, advanced endpoint analytics, Endpoint Privilege Management, Tunnel for Mobile Application Management, and cloud-based certificate management. Additional modules will be available in the suite in future. While each module can be licensed separately, maximum cost savings and integration benefits accrue when organizations license the entire suite.
Microsoft commissioned Forrester Consulting to conduct a Total Economic Impact™ (TEI) study and examine the potential return on investment (ROI) enterprises may realize by deploying the Intune Suite.1 The purpose of this study is to provide readers with a framework to evaluate the potential financial impact of the Intune Suite on their organizations.
To better understand the benefits, costs, and risks associated with this investment, Forrester interviewed 14 representatives at six organizations with experience using the Remote Help module of the Intune Suite (the first module released).
Interviewees noted that prior to using the Intune Suite, their organizations’ teams struggled to fill scenario gaps in their endpoint management capabilities. Attempting to meet these objectives often involved licensing targeted solutions from multiple vendors, as well as developing in-house solutions.
But this approach led to excessive licensing fees, vulnerabilities and extra work related to integrating multiple solutions, and heightened risk of outages or poor device performance for end users.
Interviewees said that after their organizations’ investments in the Intune Suite, they expect to lower their firms’ overall licensing costs by consolidating vendors, improve IT and end-user productivity, and lower the risk of breaches.
For the purposes of this study, Forrester aggregated the interviewees’ experiences and combined the results into a single composite organization that is a multinational financial services company called Diligence Bank. The bank has 10,000 employees and annual revenues of $3 billion.
Consulting Team: Kim Finnerty, Sarah Lervold, Claudia Heaney
Quantified projected benefits. Three-year, risk-adjusted present value (PV) quantified benefits for the composite organization include:
By licensing an integrated suite of advanced endpoint management tools, Diligence Bank sunsets six third-party vendor tools and their annual fees as the contracts end over a three-year period.
With fewer agents on their devices, more reliable access to apps and other cloud services, and a more stable computing experience with fewer crashes, the bank’s hybrid workforce suffers fewer slowdowns while improving productivity.
On the back end, Diligence Bank IT professionals reduce the time they spend manually integrating multiple interfaces, enabling faster and better troubleshooting, providing more proactive avoidance of potential endpoint problems, and increasing team innovation.
The Intune Suite reduces vulnerability associated with multiple integrations and interfaces with other Microsoft security platforms. This creates a more secure environment for Diligence Bank’s customers and their data and it better aligns with a Zero Trust strategy.
Unquantified benefits. Benefits that provide value but are not quantified for this study include:
Cloud-based endpoint management delivered through the Intune Suite enables employees to work wherever is best for them and to put their skills to work.
With all aspects of endpoint management integrated into one platform, finger-pointing is minimized.
Cloud-based endpoint management is a key enabler of the organization’s larger modernization effort.
Costs. Three-year, risk-adjusted PV costs for the composite organization include:
Diligence Bank pays the published license fee of $10 per user per month for all six modules of the Intune Suite.
While implementation and deployment of the technology is simple, Diligence Bank spends internal time training service desk employees plus reviewing and re-configuring policies on the new software while managing legacy software out of the system.
Forrester modeled a range of projected low-, medium-, and high-impact outcomes based on evaluated risk. This analysis projects that the composite organization accrues the following three-year net present value (NPV) with the Intune Suite:
Figures in chart are projections for the mid-case scenario
The objective of the framework is to identify the potential cost, benefit, flexibility, and risk factors that affect the investment decision. Forrester took a multistep approach to evaluate the projected impact that the Intune Suite can have on an organization.
Forrester Consulting conducted an online survey of 351 cybersecurity leaders at global enterprises in the US, the UK, Canada, Germany, and Australia. Survey participants included managers, directors, VPs, and C-level executives who are responsible for cybersecurity decision-making, operations, and reporting. Questions provided to the participants sought to evaluate leaders' cybersecurity strategies and any breaches that have occurred within their organizations. Respondents opted into the survey via a third-party research panel, which fielded the survey on behalf of Forrester in November 2020.
Interviewed Microsoft stakeholders and Forrester analysts to gather data relative to the Microsoft Intune Suite.
Interviewed 14 representatives at six organizations piloting or evaluating the Remote Help module of the Intune Suite to obtain data with respect to projected costs, benefits, and risks.
Designed a composite organization based on characteristics of the interviewees’ organizations.
Constructed a projected financial model representative of the interviews using the New Tech TEI methodology and risk-adjusted the financial model based on issues and concerns of the interviewees.
Employed four fundamental elements of New Tech TEI in modeling the investment’s potential impact: benefits, costs, flexibility, and risks. Given the increasing sophistication of ROI analyses related to IT investments, Forrester’s TEI methodology provides a complete picture of the total economic impact of purchase decisions. Please see Appendix A for additional information on the TEI methodology.
Readers should be aware of the following:
This study is commissioned by Microsoft and delivered by Forrester Consulting. It is not meant to be used as a competitive analysis.
Forrester makes no assumptions as to the potential ROI that other organizations will receive. Forrester strongly advises that readers use their own estimates within the framework provided in the study to determine the appropriateness of an investment in Intune Suite.
Microsoft reviewed and provided feedback to Forrester, but Forrester maintains editorial control over the study and its findings and does not accept changes to the study that contradict Forrester’s findings or obscure the meaning of the study.
Microsoft provided the customer names for the interviews but did not participate in the interviews.
Role | Industry | HQ region | Revenue |
---|---|---|---|
Area lead, digital workplace | Financial services | EMEA | $8.5B |
Technical architect | Financial services | EMEA | $8.5B |
Domain architect, workplace services | Financial services | EMEA | $18.6B |
Lead architect, workplace services | Financial services | EMEA | $18.6B |
Product owner of cloud-managed workplace | Financial services | EMEA | $18.6B |
Lead engineer of end-user devices | Manufacturing | EMEA | $7.9B |
Digital workplace lead | Financial services | EMEA | $7.8B |
Mobility lead | Financial services | EMEA | $7.8B |
Workplace lead and UEM product owner | Financial services | EMEA | $5.9B |
Platform architect, digital workplace services | Financial services | EMEA | $5.9B |
DevOps engineer | Financial services | EMEA | $5.9B |
Solution architect | Financial services | EMEA | $12.7B |
Solution architect | Financial services | EMEA | $12.7B |
Product owner, workplace | Financial services | EMEA | $12.7B |
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Before deploying the Intune Suite, interviewees’ organizations filled gaps in their endpoint management approaches using both tools they purchased from specialized vendors as well as workarounds they created in-house. Often assembled as a response to the virtually overnight need to provide employees with reliable remote support and security services during the COVID-19 pandemic, those solutions created other problems while addressing the primary issues. To the extent that the organizations’ IT teams created their own in-house solutions or workarounds, they represented suboptimal use of valuable engineering and innovation talent, they were difficult to maintain, and they were often not as reliable as vendor solutions would be if they had the funds to buy them.
In general, the interviewees noted how their organizations struggled with balancing productivity and security in an increasingly hybrid workplace. Some of the challenges they described include:
Even after pandemic restrictions were lifted, most of the interviewees’ organizations continued to support greatly increased remote work. Interviewees estimated that between 40% and 80% of their employees work remotely on any given day.
As remote access needs increased, so did the number and type of cyberthreats. With gaps in endpoint protection —or at least lack of visibility into their status — IT and security teams had concerns about the safety of their organizations’ data.
The organizations took approaches that monopolized scarce technical resources and required increased investment in IT training for tasks such as packaging and deploying third-party app updates, analyzing data from multiple platforms, and creating custom scripts and in-house solutions to fill the gaps.
Interviewees said that if affordability wasn’t a factor, their organizations would prefer using out-of-the-box, reliable, and well-supported solutions rather than in-house solutions in order to conserve engineering time needed to build and maintain them. They expect better reliability from an integrated suite of products than from their current mixes of single-vendor solutions and they said they believe that will improve end-user experiences. Finally, they each expect to improve their organization’s security with a solution from Microsoft that works seamlessly with their company’s security solutions and minimizes vulnerabilities due to integrations.
Based on the interviews, Forrester constructed a TEI framework, a composite company, and an ROI analysis that illustrates the areas financially affected. The composite organization is representative of the 14 interviewees’ organizations, and it is used to present the aggregate financial analysis in the next section.
Diligence Bank is a global online financial services organization with annual revenues of $3 billion. Nearly all of its 10,000 employees work remotely at least part of the week, while some are 100% remote. This work environment is supported by 125 service-desk technicians and another 125 IT professionals who address other aspects of the IT environment.
Before deploying the Intune Suite, Diligence Bank used software from six separate vendors to address needs in remote help, privilege management, certificate management, endpoint analytics, advanced application management, and VPN tunnel for mobile.
Diligence Bank licenses the complete Intune Suite and begins the process of sunsetting its other vendor solutions. In some cases, making this switch is simple and immediate. In other cases, it takes longer to disengage from its contractual obligations.
Benefit | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Total | Present Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total projected benefits (low) | $1,276,236 | $2,231,742 | $2,891,196 | $6,399,174 | $5,176,827 |
Total projected benefits (mid) | $1,896,716 | $3,077,952 | $3,818,110 | $8,792,778 | $7,136,651 |
Total projected benefits (high) | $2,910,104 | $4,227,840 | $4,389,248 | $11,527,192 | $9,437,338 |
The largest and most obvious benefit interviewees described is having the opportunity to sunset the software their organizations currently use and being able to stop paying those licensing fees. The mobility lead at a financial services organization said, “I think that being part of Intune, being part of Microsoft, [and] consolidating would make more sense than going to a third-party vendor.”
Interviewees’ organizations piloted the Remote Help module of the Intune Suite. Some interviewees said their organization had already switched or was in the process of switching from its previous solutions to Intune Remote Help. Others told Forrester it may take their organization longer to make the switch, either because they have contractual obligations or because the software is part of a larger solution that is still needed for other functionality.
While the interviewees said their organizations had not yet had a chance to pilot any of the other modules in the Intune Suite, they were generally very interested in using an integrated solution that would address all these endpoint management issues. The lead engineer of end-user devices at a manufacturing company stated, “We don’t want to build in complexity, and you could say that multiple platforms add complexity.”
Similar to the situation with Remote Help, some interviewees had concerns about the timing of the switch even if their organization did decide to make it.
In order to model this projected benefit for Diligence Bank, Forrester assumes:
This yields a three-year projected PV ranging from $3.5 million (low) to $5.2 million (high).
Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | Remote help legacy vendor fees | Industry research | $150,000 | $150,000 | $150,000 | ||
A2 | Advanced application management legacy vendor fees | Industry research | $180,000 | $180,000 | $180,000 | ||
A3 | Advanced endpoint analytics legacy vendor fees | Industry research | $750,000 | $750,000 | $750,000 | ||
A4 | Tunnel for mobile application management legacy vendor fees | Industry research | $510,000 | $510,000 | $510,000 | ||
A5 | Endpoint privilege legacy vendor fees | Industry research | $525,000 | $525,000 | $525,000 | ||
A6 | Cloud certificate management legacy vendor fees | Industry research | $200,000 | $200,000 | $200,000 | ||
A7 | Subtotal: Legacy vendor fees | A1+A2+A3+A4+A5+A6 | $2,315,000 | $2,315,000 | $2,315,000 | ||
A8Low A11Mid A11High |
Annual savings with Intune Suite | Interviews | 35% 50% 75% |
65% 75% 100% |
90% 100% 100% |
||
A9Low A9Mid A9High |
Consolidated vendor licenses | A7*A8 | $810,250 $1,157,500 $1,736,250 |
$1,504,750 $1,736,250 $2,315,000 |
$2,083,500 $2,315,000 $2,315,000 |
||
Three-year total: $4,398,500 to $6,366,250 | Three-year present value: $3,545,550 to $5,230,926 | ||||||
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Interviewees unanimously identified ways in which they believe the Intune Suite would make life easier and more productive for employees at their organizations.
Other interviewees commented that they expect switching to the Intune Suite to improve the ongoing performance of end users’ devices by reducing the number of agents running on them.
In order to model this projected benefit, Forrester assumes:
This yields a three-year projected PV ranging from $447,000 (low) to $1.7 million (high).
Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | Total end users | Composite | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | ||
B2Low B2Mid B2High |
Hours saved per year | Interviews | 1.0 2.0 3.0 |
1.5 4.0 6.0 |
1.5 4.0 6.0 |
||
B3 | Average fully burdened hourly wage of an end user | TEI standard | $39 | $39 | $39 | ||
B4 | Productivity recapture | TEI standard | 35% | 35% | 35% | ||
BtLow BtMid BtHigh |
Enhanced end-user experience | B1*B2*B3*B4 | $136,500 $273,000 $409,500 |
$204,750 $546,000 $819,000 |
$204,750 $546,000 $819,000 |
||
Three-year projected total: $546,000 to $2,047,500 | Three-year projected present value: $447,137 to $1,664,459 | ||||||
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Interviewees were very forthcoming with comments about how the Intune Suite could free up time for IT and security professionals and make their lives easier. Interviewees from organizations that created in-house solutions or were in the process of doing so said there could be substantial time invested in building and maintaining those solutions but that switching to the Intune Suite would free up that time.
Those from organizations that were managing multiple vendor solutions also saw potential savings in using a less complex environment, and they looked forward to having engineers spend their time on more value-added work.
In order to model this projected benefit, Forrester assumes:
This yields a three-year projected PV ranging from $589,000 (low) to $1.6 million (high).
Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | Number of technicians managing endpoints | Composite | 8 | 8 | 8 | |||
C2 | FTE hours per technician | TEI standard | 2,080 | 2,080 | 2,080 | |||
C3Low C3Mid C3High |
Portion of hours saved using single-vendor platform (e.g., Intune Suite) | Interviews | 10% 15% 30% |
15% 25% 40% |
20% 35% 50% |
|||
C4 | Average fully burdened hourly wage of a technician | TEI standard | $97 | $97 | $97 | |||
CtLow CtMid CtHigh |
Increased IT productivity | C1*C2*C3*C4 | $161,408 $242,112 $484,224 |
$242,112 $403,520 $645,632 |
$322,816 $564,928 $807,040 |
|||
Three-year projected total: $726,336 to $1,936,896 | Three-year projected present value: $589,364 to $1,580,125 | |||||||
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Interviewees unanimously said they expect that deploying Microsoft’s Intune Suite would improve their organization’s security, either because they expect the individual modules would inherently provide better security than their company’s current vendor or in-house solution or because they believe a suite that does not require integration of multiple vendors’ software would reduce vulnerability.
In order to model this projected benefit for Diligence Bank, Forrester assumes:
This yields a three-year projected PV ranging from $595,000 (low) to $962,000 (high).
Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | Average number of breaches per year | Forrester research | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | |||
D2 | Average potential cost per breach excluding internal user time | Forrester research | $1,076,500 | $1,076,500 | $1,076,500 | |||
D3 | Subtotal: Projected cost of breaches | D1*D2 | $4,413,650 | $4,413,650 | $4,413,650 | |||
D4 | Employees affected by breach | Forrester research | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | |||
D5 | Unproductive hours per breach (mean time to detect and remediate) | Forrester research | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | |||
D6 | Average fully burdened hourly wage of all employees | TEI standard | $42 | $42 | $42 | |||
D7 | Subtotal: Cost of internal productivity loss due to breaches | D4*D5*D6 | $220,500 | $220,500 | $220,500 | |||
D8 | Security analyst FTEs | Composite | 8 | 8 | 8 | |||
D9 | Hours spent on prevention activities per analyst | 2,080 hours*60% | 1,248 | 1,248 | 1,248 | |||
D10 | Average fully burdened hourly wage of security analysts | TEI standard | $97 | $97 | $97 | |||
D11 | Subtotal: Security team breach prevention costs | D8*D9*D10 | $968,448 | $968,448 | $968,448 | |||
D12 | Subtotal: Potential annual breach prevention/remediation costs | D3+D7+D11 | $5,602,598 | $5,602,598 | $5,602,598 | |||
D13Low D13Mid D13High |
Reduced likelihood of breach | Interviews | 3% 4% 5% |
5% 7% 8% |
5% 7% 8% |
|||
DtLow DtMid DtHigh |
Enhanced security posture | D12*D13 | $168,078 $224,104 $280,130 |
$280,130 $392,182 $448,208 |
$280,130 $392,182 $448,208 |
|||
Three-year projected total: $728,338 to $1,176,546 | Three-year projected present value: $594,776 to $961,828 | |||||||
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Interviewees mentioned the following additional benefits that their organizations experienced but were not able to quantify:
While this benefit is related to the quantified benefit of enhanced end-user experience, it goes beyond the mere capture of additional productivity. The digital workplace lead at a financial services organization noted: “Improved reliability and reduced friction [enable workers to] work anywhere. They can select the quantity of on-campus and off-campus [and] the hybrid mode they want to work [in].” Interviewees agreed this is an increasingly critical element of employee attraction and retention.
In addition to reducing the workloads associated with managing multiple vendors, interviewees said adopting a suite of integrated tools from one vendor increases the vendor’s accountability for their performance and that when issues arise, there is no other vendor’s interference or lack of integration to blame.
The lead architect in workplace services at a financial services organization said: “This is part of a broader initiative to move away from a traditional on-premises solution toward [a] cloud solution. Whether that’s managing the endpoint or our email and collaboration tools, … that change has had a demonstrable positive impact on our organization.”
The value of flexibility is unique to each customer. There are multiple scenarios in which a customer might implement the Intune Suite and later realize additional uses and business opportunities, such as gaining the ability to manage endpoints using different operating systems under one platform.
The domain architect in workplace services at a financial services organization told Forrester: “A benefit of bringing it all into Intune could be that the service desk and the security team have one interface for both platforms. Right now, management of the MacBook is completely different and separate for us.”
Flexibility would also be quantified when evaluated as part of a specific project (described in more detail in Appendix A).
Ref. | Cost | Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Total | Present Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Etr | Intune Suite license fees | $0 | $1,260,000 | $1,260,000 | $1,260,000 | $3,780,000 | $3,133,434 |
Ftr | Deployment and administration | $104,969 | $104,969 | $6,693 | $6,693 | $223,323 | $210,954 |
Total costs (risk-adjusted) | $104,969 | $1,364,969 | $1,266,693 | $1,266,693 | $4,003,323 | $3,344,388 |
Interviewees were not aware of pricing for the full Intune Suite at the time of the interviews. While they said they felt the per-user price for Remote Help alone is high, they recognized that Microsoft planned to add other products that would make the Intune Suite price more competitive as a whole. Microsoft has since announced those products and started rolling them out.
In order to model this cost for Diligence Bank, Forrester assumes:
The risk that other organizations may experience a different cost than what’s modeled for Diligence Bank is related to the size of the organization and the potential for future price increases.
To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this cost upward by 5%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $3.1 million.
Ref | Metric | Source | Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E1 | Microsoft fees for Intune Suite | Microsoft | $0 | $1,200,000 | $1,200,000 | $1,200,000 | |
Et | Intune Suite license fees | E1 | $0 | $1,200,000 | $1,200,000 | $1,200,000 | |
Risk adjustment | ↑5% | ||||||
Etr | Intune Suite license fees (risk-adjusted) | $0 | $1,260,000 | $1,260,000 | $1,260,000 | ||
Three-year total: $3,780,000 | Three-year present value: $3,133,434 | ||||||
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In general, interviewees said they expect very little difficulty on the technical side of implementing and maintaining the Intune Suite.
A technical architect in financial services said this regarding their organization’s deployment of Remote Help: “You can do it in a day. It’s really easy. Add maybe an extra day for implementing the processes and maybe another day for the help desk to get everyone aligned. That’s it. So, it’s really easy to work with.”
That said, interviewees noted that implementing some of these tools involves some organizational change, especially if several tools are deployed at once, and that this may require someone to oversee the process.
For instance, a workplace lead and UEM engineer in financial services said: “Because we have different business units and there is delegation involved, it was not just flipping a switch. We did have to assign particular devices to particular helpers. So, that was a configuration that we had to do. But, all in all, it was actually pretty straightforward. To be honest, I think we did it in a day or a day and a half.”
The digital workplace lead at a financial institution said: “I think we would have to run these tools side by side for six months or so before decommissioning. The main thing is going to be the integration with the security-monitoring tools. A lot of these tools have an impact on the security-operation side of the organization, and they need to make sure that they are receiving the same signal they would be receiving before. So, I would expect some overlap.”
In order to model this cost for Diligence Bank, Forrester assumes:
The possibility that another organization may experience a different cost than what’s modeled for Diligence Bank’s deployment and administration of the solution depends on:
To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this cost upward by 15%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV of $211,000.
Ref. | Metric | Source | Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | Project management | Interviews | 195 | 195 | 0 | 0 | |
F2 | IT/security hours to assess and configure policies in new tool | Interviews | 96 | 96 | 0 | 0 | |
F3 | Training | Interviews | 650 | 650 | 60 | 60 | |
F4 | Average fully burdened hourly wage of a service-desk team member | TEI standard | $97 | $97 | $97 | $97 | |
Ft | Deployment and administration | (F1+F2+F3)*F4 | $91,277 | $91,277 | $5,820 | $5,820 | |
Risk adjustment | ↑15% | ||||||
Ftr | Deployment and administration (risk-adjusted) | $104,969 | $104,969 | $6,693 | $6,693 | ||
Three-year total: $233,323 | Three-year present value: $210,954 | ||||||
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The financial results calculated in the Benefits and Costs sections can be used to determine the PROI and projected NPV for the composite organization’s investment. Forrester assumes a yearly discount rate of 10% for this analysis.
Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Total | Present Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total costs | ($104,969) | ($1,364,969) | ($1,266,693) | ($1,266,693) | ($4,003,323) | ($3,344,388) |
Total benefts (low) | $0 | $1,276,236 | $2,231,742 | $2,891,196 | $6,399,174 | $5,176,827 |
Total beneifts (med) | $0 | $1,896,716 | $3,077,952 | $3,818,110 | $8,792,778 | $7,136,651 |
Total beneifts (high) | $0 | $2,910,104 | $4,227,840 | $4,389,248 | $11,527,192 | $9,437,338 |
PROI (low) | 55% | |||||
PROI (med) | 113% | |||||
PROI (high) | 182% | |||||
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These risk-adjusted PROI and projected NPV values are determined by applying risk-adjustment factors to the unadjusted results in each Benefit and Cost section.
New Technology: Projected Total Economic Impact (New Tech TEI) is a methodology developed by Forrester Research that enhances a company’s technology decision-making processes and assists vendors in communicating the value of their products and services to clients. The New Tech TEI methodology helps companies demonstrate and justify the projected tangible value of IT initiatives to senior management and key business stakeholders.
Projected Benefits represent the projected value to be delivered to the business by the product. The New Tech TEI methodology places equal weight on the measure of projected benefits and the measure of projected costs, allowing for a full examination of the effect of the technology on the entire organization.
Projected Costs consider all expenses necessary to deliver the proposed value of the product. The projected cost category within New Tech TEI captures incremental ongoing costs over the existing environment that are associated with the solution.
Flexibility represents the strategic value that can be obtained for some future additional investment building on top of the initial investment already made. Having the ability to capture that benefit has a PV that can be estimated.
Risks measure the uncertainty of benefit and cost estimates given: 1) the likelihood that estimates will meet original projections and 2) the likelihood that estimates will be tracked over time. TEI risk factors are based on “triangular distribution.”
The initial investment column contains costs incurred at “time 0” or at the beginning of Year 1 that are not discounted. All other cash flows are discounted using the discount rate at the end of the year. PV calculations are calculated for each total cost and benefit estimate. NPV calculations in the summary tables are the sum of the initial investment and the discounted cash flows in each year. Sums and present value calculations of the Total Benefits, Total Costs, and Cash Flow tables may not exactly add up, as some rounding may occur.
1 Total Economic Impact is a methodology developed by Forrester Research that enhances a company’s technology decision-making processes and assists vendors in communicating the value proposition of their products and services to clients. The TEI methodology helps companies demonstrate, justify, and realize the tangible value of IT initiatives to both senior management and other key business stakeholders.
2 Source: Forrester Consulting Cost Of A Cybersecurity Breach Survey, Q1 2021.
3 Ibid.
4 Ibid.
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